Can a natural material extracted from seaweed offer a new option for restoring China's ancient books? This question took center stage in an online exchange on Oct 14 between Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, and the Palazzo Spinelli Institute for Art and Restoration in Florence, Italy.

During the discussion, Italian researchers shared findings on the use of seaweed-derived adhesive for treating paper artifacts. Tests showed that low concentrations of the material could improve fiber bonding in European handmade and modern machine-made paper while largely preserving its thickness, flexibility, and appearance. Its water solubility also offers potential advantages for reversible restoration.

Tianyi Pavilion specialists said further laboratory tests on traditional Chinese paper are needed to assess its suitability. Planned experiments include examining changes in paper color and fibers, comparing its viscosity with traditional wheat-starch paste, and testing its aging resistance.

The exchange also highlighted restoration practices from both institutions. Italian experts presented projects involving historic books from Florence's Jewish community, while Tianyi Pavilion shared the emergency restoration of Beiqu Lianzhu, a rare Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) manuscript severely damaged by mold, insect holes, and brittleness. Restorers carefully repaired each page, reinforced fragile sheets, and reassembled fragments using textual and physical clues.

The event marked the 14th edition of Tianyi Talk, an international dialogue series launched in 2020. Both sides expressed interest in further cooperation in materials research, restoration techniques, and professional training.